Tom is a 43-year-old man with two months of productive cough, six kilograms of weight loss and night sweats. He has a pleasant appearance and you learn that he is a keen basketball fan. In the initial investigation, a chest x-ray shows a cavitary mass in the right upper lobe, and sputum microscopy shows positive acid-fast bacilli.

a) Name the respiratory disease most likely caused by acid fast bacteria. (2 marks)

b) List the anti-bacterial drug used at first line in this patient with the mechanisms of action. (12 marks)

c) What is the rationale to use such a drug combination in this patient? (2 marks)

d) State the mechanism of resistance that may develop with the drugs used. (4 marks)